1. ABOUT HYDROCODONE DRUG Uses

• Pain Relief: Primarily prescribed for short-term relief of acute pain (e.g., post-surgery, injury).
• Chronic Pain: Sometimes used for long-term pain management under strict medical supervision.
• Cough Suppression: In some formulations, hydrocodone is used to suppress severe coughing.

2. Common Hydrocodone Formulations

• Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen: Brand names include Norco, Vicodin, and Lortab.
• Hydrocodone-Ibuprofen: Sold under brands like Vicoprofen.
• Extended-Release (ER) Formulations: Zohydro ER, Hysingla ER (used for severe, chronic pain).

3. Dosage

• Dosages vary based on the formulation and patient needs.
• Typically prescribed as tablets, capsules, or liquid suspensions.
• Immediate-Release: Taken every 4–6 hours as needed.
• Extended-Release: Taken once or twice daily.

Important: Follow your doctor’s instructions closely to avoid misuse or overdose.

4. Mechanism of Action

Hydrocodone works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, reducing the perception of pain and producing a calming effect.

5. Side Effects

• Common:
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Constipation
  • Lightheadedness
• Serious:
  • Respiratory depression (slow or shallow breathing)
  • Dependence or addiction
  • Liver damage (especially in acetaminophen-containing formulations)
  • Allergic reactions (e.g., swelling, rash)

6. Risks and Warnings

• Addiction and Dependence: Hydrocodone has a high potential for abuse and addiction.
• Overdose Risk: Can cause life-threatening respiratory depression, particularly when combined with alcohol or other sedatives.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: May harm the fetus or pass into breast milk.
• Interactions:
  • Avoid combining with alcohol, benzodiazepines, or other CNS depressants.
  • Inform your doctor if you're taking antidepressants or other medications.

7. Storage and Disposal

• Store in a secure location to prevent misuse.
• Dispose of unused medication properly, often through drug take-back programs.

8. Legal Status

• Hydrocodone is classified as a Schedule II Controlled Substance in the U.S., indicating a high potential for abuse and dependence.

9. Signs of Overdose

• Extreme drowsiness
• Slow or difficult breathing
• Cold or clammy skin
• Blue lips or fingernails
• Loss of consciousness

Emergency Response: Call 911 or administer naloxone (if available) immediately.

10. Alternatives to Hydrocodone

• Non-Opioid Pain Relievers: Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen.
• Other Opioids: Morphine, oxycodone (used in specific cases).
• Non-Medication Therapies: Physical therapy, acupuncture, or behavioral therapy.